The following is the specific process of the working principle of the air source heat pump:
The compressor absorbs the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas from the evaporator, and by consuming part of the electricity to drive the compressor work, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure superheated gas, and then discharges it to the condenser for heat exchange with water. The superheated gas is liquefied and turned into a liquid. After being throttled and depressurized by an electronic expansion valve, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid and then enters the evaporator to absorb the heat in the air and vaporize into a superheated gas, which is finally compressed by the compressor, and so on. Then it works continuously to produce hot water.
Among the three types of heat pumps, the air source heat pump is the most advanced, has the highest energy efficiency ratio, is the most convenient installation, and has the lowest cost in the world. It is also the most popular and best-selling energy-saving heating and cooling equipment in the market. Its main components are a compressor, evaporator, condenser, and throttle valve (Expansion valve).
Compressor
A compressor (also called a "vapor pump") is a driven fluid-mechanical device that elevates low-pressure gas to high-pressure gas and is the heart of a heating system. It inhales low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas from the suction pipe, drives the piston to compress it through the operation of the motor, and discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas to the exhaust pipe to provide power for the heating cycle, thereby realizing the heating cycle of compression→condensation (discharge heat)→expansion→evaporation (endothermic)
Condenser
The condenser is a part of the heating system and belongs to a type of heat exchanger. It can convert gas or vapor into liquid and heat the water in a very fast way with the heat in the tube. The gas is passed through a long tube (usually coiled into a solenoid) to dissipate heat into the surrounding water, such as metals copper conducts heat well and is often used to transport steam. In order to improve the efficiency of the condenser, heat sinks with excellent thermal conductivity are often attached to the pipes to increase the heat dissipation area to accelerate heat dissipation. The working process of the condenser is an exothermic process, so the temperature of the condenser is relatively high.
Evaporator
The evaporator is a very important part of the four major heating elements. After compression and liquefaction, the low-temperature refrigerant passes through the evaporator and exchanges heat with the outside air to achieve the purpose of absorbing energy from the air.
Throttle valve (Expansion valve)
The expansion valve is a device that controls the flow of refrigerant by changing the throttling section or throttling length in the heating system. It is generally installed between the evaporator and the liquid storage cylinder. The expansion valve makes the liquid refrigerant of medium-temperature and high-pressure pass through its throttling to become wet vapor of low temperature and low pressure, and then the refrigerant absorbs the heat in the outside air in the evaporator. The expansion valve controls the valve flow through the change of superheat at the end of the evaporator to prevent insufficient utilization of the evaporator area and the occurrence of cylinder knocking.
